Written by Iris Ornek
Introduction
On July 4th, 2025, a flood tore through Texas, causing hundreds of fatalities, earning its title as one of the top ten deadliest flash floods in U.S. History (Masters, Burt, & Henson, 2025). The flash flood happened with little warning, with water levels rising over 20 feet in under an hour (Sanchez & Rless, 2025). Many experts and media outlets attribute the high death toll to a lack of disaster preparedness in Kerr County, where many of the fatalities occurred.